Epidemiological Profile of Patients with Aortic Dissection Admitted to the Emergency Room at Bruno Born Hospital
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Abstract
Aortic dissection is a severe cardiovascular emergency caused by the progressive separation of the layers of the
aortic wall by a column of blood, usually due to degeneration of the medial layer. Its incidence is underestimated because of the high rate of out-of-hospital mortality. Diagnostic suspicion is based on clinical presentation; however, confirmation requires imaging studies. Treatment may be surgical or conservative, guided by the Stanford classification, in which type A involves the portion proximal to the origin of the left subclavian artery, and type B involves the distal portion. Type B aortic dissection can be further classified as uncomplicated or complicated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological profile, the prevalence of different types of aortic dissection, and the incidence of cases admitted to the emergency department of Hospital Bruno Born between 2018 and 2023. This article consists of a retrospective study based on primary data obtained from electronic medical records. The results contributed to expanding the understanding of the epidemiology and symptomatology of the disease in the Vale do Taquari region, enabling future studies and public health policies to use these findings to promote risk factor prevention and reduce associated morbidity and mortality.
Keywords: Aortic Dissection; Emergency Medicine; Emergency Treatment
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